Chikero chemagetsi chakarurama here?Sei mamita emvura negasi achimbopera “nhamba huru”?Navigation uchityaira ingaite sei real-time positioning?Zvizhinji zvehupenyu hwezuva nezuva zvakanyatsoenderana nekuyera.Chivabvu 20 i "World Metrology Day", metrology yakafanana nemhepo, isingaonekwe, asi inogara yakatenderedza vanhu.
Kuyera kunoreva basa rekuona kubatana kwezvikamu uye kwakaringana uye kwakavimbika uwandu kukosha, iyo inonzi "chiyero uye zviyero" munhoroondo yedu.Nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa nesainzi uye tekinoroji, metrology yemazuva ano yakagadzirika kuita yakazvimirira chirango chinovhara kureba, kupisa, mechanics, electromagnetism, redhiyo, nguva frequency, ionizing radiation, optics, acoustics, chemistry uye mamwe mapoka gumi, uye tsananguro yemetrology. yakawedzerawo kune sainzi yekuyera nekushandiswa kwayo.
Metrology yakagadziridzwa nekukurumidza nekubuda kweIndustrial Revolution, uye panguva imwechete yakatsigira kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.Mune yekutanga Industrial Revolution, kuyerwa kwekushisa nechisimba kwakatungamira mukuvandudzwa kweinjini yemhepo, iyo yakasimudzira kudiwa kwekushisa uye kuyerwa kwekumanikidza.Yechipiri shanduko yeindasitiri inomiririrwa nekushandiswa kwakakura kwemagetsi, kuyerwa kwemagetsi zviratidzo kwakamhanyisa kudzidza kwemaitiro emagetsi, uye chiridzwa chemagetsi chakagadziridzwa kubva kune yakareruka magineti inoratidza mudziyo kuenda kune yakakwana yakakwirira-chaiyo yemagetsi maitiro chiridzwa.Mumakore ekuma1940 nema1950, shanduko yeruzivo rwemichina yakatangwa muzvikamu zvakawanda zvakaita seruzivo, simba idzva, zvinhu zvitsva, biology, tekinoroji yemuchadenga uye tekinoroji yeMarine.Kuchityairwa nazvo, iyo metrology yakasimukira yakananga kuhupamhi, hudiki, yakanyanya kukwirira uye yakaderera zvakanyanya, izvo zvakasimudzira kukurumidza kufambira mberi kwesainzi yemazuva ano uye tekinoroji senge nanotechnology uye tekinoroji yemuchadenga.Kushandiswa kwakakura kwetekinoroji nyowani senge simba reatomu, semiconductors, uye makomputa emagetsi kwakasimudzira shanduko zvishoma nezvishoma kubva macroscopic emuviri mabhenji ekuyera kusvika kuhuwandu hwemabhenji, uye mabudiro matsva akaitwa muhunyanzvi hwekunzwa kure, tekinoroji yehungwaru, uye tekinoroji yekuona online.Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kusvetuka kwega kwega mumetrology kwakaunza simba guru rekufambisa kutsvagurudzo yesainzi uye tekinoroji, kufambira mberi kwechiridzwa chesainzi uye kuwedzera kwekuyera mune zvinoenderana.
Muna 2018, 26th International Conference on Measurement yakavhota kuti itambire chisungo pakudzokororwa kweInternational System of Units (SI), iyo yakashandura hurongwa hwemayuniti ekuyera uye zviyero zvekuyera.Zvinoenderana nechisarudzo, iyo kilogiramu, iyo ampere, iyo Kelvin uye mole mune ekutanga SI mauniti akachinjirwa kune anogara achitsanangurwa anotsigirwa nequantum metrology tekinoroji, zvichiteerana.Tichitora kirogiramu semuenzaniso, makore anopfuura zana apfuura, 1 kilogiramu yaive yakaenzana nehuremu hweInternational kilogram yepakutanga "Big K" yakachengetedzwa neInternational Bureau of Metrology.Kana huwandu hwemuviri hwe "hombe K" hwachinja, ipapo iyo unit kilogiramu ichachinjawo, uye inobata nhevedzano yezvikamu zvine hukama.Kuchinja uku "kunobata muviri wose", mararamiro ose ehupenyu achafanira kuongorora zvakare maitiro aripo, uye nzira yetsanangudzo yenguva dzose inogadzirisa zvakakwana dambudziko iri.Sezvakangoita muna 1967, apo tsananguro yechikamu chenguva "yechipiri" yakadzokororwa pamwe nemidziyo yeatomu, vanhu nhasi vane satellite kufamba uye tekinoroji yeInternet, kutsanangurwa patsva kwezvikamu zvina zvakakosha kuchave nekukanganisa kwakanyanya pasainzi, tekinoroji. , kutengeserana, hutano, zvakatipoteredza nemamwe minda.
Kuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, kuyerwa kutanga.Chiyero hachisi chete chinotangira uye vimbiso yesainzi uye tekinoroji, asiwo hwaro hwakakosha hwekuchengetedza hupenyu hwevanhu uye hutano.Dingindira regore rino reWorld Metrology Day rinoti “Measuring for Health”.Mundima yehutano hwehutano, kubva pakutemerwa kwekuongororwa kudiki kwemuviri uye kuyerwa kwezvinodhaka kusvika pakuzivikanwa uye kuyerwa kwemapuroteni akaomarara uye mamorekuru eRNA panguva yekuvandudzwa kwejekiseni, metroology yekurapa inzira inodiwa yekuona chokwadi uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo yekurapa.Mundima yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, metrology inopa rubatsiro rwekutarisa uye kutonga kwemhepo, kunaka kwemvura, ivhu, nharaunda yemwaranzi uye kumwe kusvibiswa, uye ndiyo "ziso remoto" kuchengetedza makomo akasvibira.Mumunda wekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu, chikafu chisina kusvibiswa chinoda kuita kuyerwa kwakaringana uye kuona zvinhu zvinokuvadza mune zvese zvikamu zvekugadzira, kurongedza, chekufambisa, kutengesa, nezvimwe, kuitira kuzadzisa zvinotarisirwa neveruzhinji nezvekudya kune hutano.Mune ramangwana, metrology inotarisirwawo kusimudzira kugariswa kwenzvimbo, yepamusoro-soro uye chiratidzo chedhijitari kuongororwa uye michina yekurapa mumunda webiomedicine muChina, uye kutungamira nekusimudzira budiriro yemhando yepamusoro yeindasitiri yehutano.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-21-2023